Delving into Central Appalachia’s transforming landscape amid coal’s decline, the analysis charts how entrenched power structures evolve as communities rally for a fairer future. Blending historical context with firsthand accounts, it unveils shifting power dynamics born from a century-long fossil fuel legacy. Published in 1982, John Gaventa's award-winning Power and Powerlessness examined the dominance of the absentee coal industry in Central Appalachia. Gaventa and Gabe Schwartzman update the story through coal's decline and into the present while focusing on how power relations and community mobilizing have changed and evolved during this era of transition. Their analysis tracks the impact on a place where a fossil fuel–based economy shaped political and social structures for over a century. As they show, new forms of power emerged while old ones remained, and both affected the popular struggle for a future that's both just and more inclusive. Original and timely, Power and Just Transitions merges historical perspective with interviews and engagement to look at how coal's decline impacted power and resistance in an Appalachian community.